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countries of southeast asia Tagged Articles
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Concluding Remarks: Enhancing Africa’s Trade: From Marginalization to an Export-Led Approach to Development
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| In the 19th and 20th centuries, trade has by and large been an engine of economic growth
for the global economy. It has also acted as an engine of growth for particular national
economies -- in the 19th century, Canada and Australia and in the 20th century, Japan. In
recent years, trade has acted as an engine of growth for the newly industrializing countries
of Southeast Asia, the so-called "Gang of Four", namely, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong,
and Singapore. |
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Other countries of southeast asia Related Articles
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Local Entrepreneurship in Southeast Asia and Subsaharan Africa: Networks and Linkages to the Global Economy
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| For much of the past decade, the world has applauded the striking development performance of Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Despite the setbacks caused by the present financial crisis in Asia, the rapid structural transformation and improvement in the standard of living in these three countries remains a powerful testament to the benefits of a strategy emphasizing industrial exports. African countries have tended to remain commodity exporters, and while Africa has remained largely untouched by the "Asian flu", the continent also missed out on the benefits of engagement with the global market. |
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Capitalism and Entrepreneurship in Southeast Asia and Subsaharan Africa in Comparative Historical Perspective, 600 A.D. to 1970 or so
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| Southeast Asia and Subsaharan Africa differ sharply in the extent of time each has been exposed to the stimulus, learning and accumulation opportunities inherent in international trade networks. |
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Entrepreneurs and the State
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| Entrepreneurs require an "enabling state" to provide the policy framework, supportive services, and the public goods of a social and physical infrastructure. Government officials are more likely to support their entrepreneurs if they can identify private sector industrialization as being in their interest. Both Southeast Asia and Subsaharan Africa have had challenges in this area. |
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Foreign Joint Ventures in Southeast Asia and the Role of Japan
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| It is next to impossible to discuss the dynamism of local entrepreneurship in Southeast Asia without discussing its relationship with foreign capital. Foreign joint ventures have been the major form of international linkage in Southeast Asia, transferring technology and skills to local investors. |
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PROPOSITIONS, HYPOTHESES, AND CONCLUSIONS
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| To function effectively in a global economy, the entrepreneurs of Southeast Asia and Subsaharan Africa will not be able to avoid the kinds of evolution that modern businesses around the world experience. They will move toward public listing of their stocks, greater specialization and capital mobility, modern management techniques. |
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References
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| Local Entrepreneurship in Southeast Asia and Subsaharan Africa: Networks and Linkages to the Global Economy,
By: Deborah Bräutigam,
School of International Service,
American University,
Washington, DC |
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IFC and Microfinance in Africa: Building Strong Commercial Institutions
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| The International Finance Corporation (IFC)-the private sector arm of the World Bank Group-has $4 billion invested in various kinds of financial institutions in 88 countries: including banks, leasing companies, credit rating agencies, and pension funds. IFC also has $256 million invested in 56 microfinance institutions in 38 countries, reaching more than 1.3 million clients. Institutions in Southern Europe, Central Asia, and Latin America currently comprise the lion's share of this portfolio, but Africa is a growing emphasis as well. |
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4.1 Case studies on export diversification for selected African countries: Economic Report on Africa 2007
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| So far, diversification trends in relation to African economies indicate that different
countries have achieved varying results. The overall conclusion is that, in general,
African economies have failed to make gains beyond their initial positions in the
early 1980s. It has also been pointed out that they reacted defensively to the crises
that beset them in the 1980s. Their macroeconomic stabilization policies did not
create an environment conducive for dynamic response, as a good number of countries
in Asia and Latin America were able to do. Their defensive response as seen in
the oil factor, perpetuated the status quo and worsened it in some instances. Earlier
gains in such countries as Gabon, Nigeria and Sudan were eroded. |
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Concluding Remarks: Enhancing Africa’s Trade: From Marginalization to an Export-Led Approach to Development
| |
| In the 19th and 20th centuries, trade has by and large been an engine of economic growth
for the global economy. It has also acted as an engine of growth for particular national
economies -- in the 19th century, Canada and Australia and in the 20th century, Japan. In
recent years, trade has acted as an engine of growth for the newly industrializing countries
of Southeast Asia, the so-called "Gang of Four", namely, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong,
and Singapore. |
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Franchising can change the world
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| Who says that the franchise can not work in a small third world country or in an economically weaker countries, where humans are only one or two dollars a day? I believe that franchise systems can work in these positions, both in Asia, Middle East, former Soviet States, Indonesia, Latin America, the Caribbean or in Africa. You see, there are a whole series of micro-systems are helping in these countries, people start businesses of their own. |
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