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V. D. The Future of China-Africa Economic Relations: FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GROWING TIES
China’s growing role in Africa is not transitory. As China-Africa economic relations are increasingly based on trade and investment, and trade is based on more than just commodities, the relationship is likely to expand, along with economic growth in China and Africa. Economic relations are increasingly dominated by commercial ties rather than by aid considerations (Box 2).
IV. A. Private Traders: THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR
Mirroring its contributions to domestic economic activity, China’s private sector is in the forefront of the country’s external trade and investment expansion. However, its role in China-Africa economic relations has been much less appreciated, in part because there are no reliable data. Understanding China’s private enterprises (including those that are joint ventures and collectively owned) and their activities in Africa is important for assessing the evolution of trade and capital flows between China and Africa.
What Drives China’s Growing Role in Africa?
China’s fast-growing economic ties with Africa are attracting considerable attention. The relationship came into the spotlight during the summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing in November 2006 and the Annual Meetings of the African Development Bank (AfDB) in Shanghai in May 2007. While the expansion of trade and investment between Africa and China has been generally welcomed, concerns have been expressed about how China’s growing presence might affect African development.2 But what roles exactly has China played?

Other economic relations Related Articles

Importance of Public Relations and Crisis Management Planning to Your Business
Are public relations and crisis management planning important to your business? The answer is simple and direct. Public relations and crisis management planning are not only important to your business, they are both CRUCIAL to your business, regardless of your type of business. A general public relations program is important to your business to: complement advertising; provide research capabilities for marketing efforts; provide capabilities for special events to increase company & industry visibility; monitor governmental organizations; to communicate the state-of-the-industry to the public, including views on legislation, regulations, economic conditions, and other factors and events impacting your business; and to communicate with past and existing clients.
What is Public Relations
Public relations in industry, especially in start-ups, is not very effective because the discipline of public relations is not understood. It's more that press relations and pushing out news releases. It is the essense of conversation in the market
Advertising and Public Relations
So, you’ve got some extra money to put towards your company and you’re not sure whether to spend it on advertising or public relations. Many entrepreneurs are confused about the difference between the two and which would better suit their needs. Well, if that’s your dilemma then you just answered your own question. In fact, one of the key differences between advertising and public relations is that, with public relations, you are not paying for publicity. From press releases to news conferences, you are doing whatever it takes to get your company out there. Sure, you could hire a professional public relations company to handle your account, but even their main task would be to try and get as much free publicity for your company as possible.

Smart Marketers Integrate Public Relations Into Their Business-to-Business
In my experience, B-to-B marketers don’t even think about public relations until the marketing program is already formulated. By then it’s too late. That’s because public relations professionals can look at marketing programs and discern program elements that aren’t immediately apparent. Public relations professionals can see aspects of a marketing program that lend themselves to ideas outside of the mainstream. This is important in positioning of new products or services. Public relations professionals can help create “news,” which can complement other marketing ideas. Public relations, in fact, increasingly leads the branding function.

IV. A. Private Traders: THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR
Mirroring its contributions to domestic economic activity, China’s private sector is in the forefront of the country’s external trade and investment expansion. However, its role in China-Africa economic relations has been much less appreciated, in part because there are no reliable data. Understanding China’s private enterprises (including those that are joint ventures and collectively owned) and their activities in Africa is important for assessing the evolution of trade and capital flows between China and Africa.
V. D. The Future of China-Africa Economic Relations: FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GROWING TIES
China’s growing role in Africa is not transitory. As China-Africa economic relations are increasingly based on trade and investment, and trade is based on more than just commodities, the relationship is likely to expand, along with economic growth in China and Africa. Economic relations are increasingly dominated by commercial ties rather than by aid considerations (Box 2).
CONCLUSION: What Drives China’s Growing Role in Africa?
This paper intends to provide an assessment, based on fractional information, of China’s economic involvement in Africa and to identify the forces shaping burgeoning China-Africa economic relations. The study is undertaken against the background of a rapidly changing landscape of international trade and finance that has eclipsed traditional aid flows to middleincome countries, making Africa ever more central for development finance.
Holiday Parties 101: Risks and Returns
With lavish holiday parties not only raising questions but eyebrows too, companies are debating the appropriateness of costly year-end celebrations during these faltering economic times from both a financial and public relations perspective.

Newspaper problems doesn't limit value of public relations
While the closing, altering and economic struggles of newspapers is an ominous sign for the media, it puts public relations in a difficult situation. To whom do we pitch? In this article, veteran PR professional Michael Kleiner opines that this doesn't have to be the case and there is still value in and need for public relations. We must harness skills to pitch in the Internet and technological age. In fact public relations may be in a better situation than advertising to do this.
WUSME World Union of Small and Medium Enterprises: The new home of SMEs supporting institutions
One of the top-priorities of the WORLD UNION OF SMEs (hereinafter called the “UNION”) will be to provide widespread information and to foster awareness among the various national institutions of the Countries belonging to the UNION as regards the true needs of micro-, small and medium enterprises which represent the basis of the economic fabric of all societies. The UNION shall develop strategies to support the growth of this vital global economic sector and identify annual activities to facilitate relations with national associations and to create opportunities for integration between the representatives of different Countries and geographic areas.
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