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References: Enhancing Africa’s Trade: From Marginalization to an Export-Led Approach to Development
References
Regionalism, Trade and Development in Africa
Regional co-operation, using regional trade groupings or regional economic communities (RECs), has been a dominant feature in the development of trade policy since the end of the Second World War.

Other international economic integration Related Articles

Benefits of Regional Economic Integration
Regional economic communities are formed because of the expected benefits from them. An important feature of the higher levels of integration is free trade among members.
Regional Economic Communities in Africa
Regional economic integration has a long history in Africa. The South African Customs Union (SACU) was established in 1910 while the East African Community (EAC) was set up in 1919. The East African Community collapsed in 1987 but is now being actively revived. Currently there are 14 regional economic communities in Africa.
Moving Forward: Developing Countries
There are many economic, social, and environmental challenges along the path to sustainable development, and there is no panacea to address them all. Rather, accelerated development will require progress in multiple policy areas, with the right policy mix and focus varying from country to country. Countries may also need to make difficult choices regarding trade-offs between competing policy objectives. Achieving more sustainable development will thus require a concerted effort from developing countries, the international community, and the international financial institutions.
CONCLUSION: What Drives China’s Growing Role in Africa?
This paper intends to provide an assessment, based on fractional information, of China’s economic involvement in Africa and to identify the forces shaping burgeoning China-Africa economic relations. The study is undertaken against the background of a rapidly changing landscape of international trade and finance that has eclipsed traditional aid flows to middleincome countries, making Africa ever more central for development finance.
Building a Global Brand
In addition to taking advantage of outstanding growth opportunities, there are several factors driving the increasing interest in taking brands global… •economies of scale (production and distribution) •lower marketing costs •laying the groundwork for future extensions worldwide •maintaining consistent brand imagery •quicker identification and integration of innovations (discovered worldwide) •preempting international competitors from entering domestic markets or locking you out of other geographic markets •increasing international media reach (especially with the explosion of the Internet) is an enabler •increases in international business and tourism are also enablers
The State of Franchising
The economic slowdown is hitting all facets and sectors of the business community, including those involved in franchising. Dina Dwyer-Owens is a successfull franchisor as head of The Dwyer Group. She is also the incoming Chairwoman of the International Franchise Association. Dwyer explains why she is convinced Franchisees have a leg up on the competition in an economic slowdown.
The Currency Transaction Levy: An innovative source of SMEs financing
James Tobin (Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1981) was widely known for his suggestion of a tax on foreign exchange transactions, now known as the "Tobin tax". This was designed to reduce speculation in the international currency markets, which he saw as dangerous and unproductive. He suggested that the proceeds of the tax could be used to fund projects for the benefit of Third World countries, or to support the United Nations. James Tobin and other economists, e.g. David Felix, Rodney Schmidt, Paul Bernd Spahn have examined the possibility of levying a charge on international monetary transactions as a means to reduce exchange rate volatility and promote international economic stabilit
WUSME World Union of Small and Medium Enterprises: The new home of SMEs supporting institutions
One of the top-priorities of the WORLD UNION OF SMEs (hereinafter called the “UNION”) will be to provide widespread information and to foster awareness among the various national institutions of the Countries belonging to the UNION as regards the true needs of micro-, small and medium enterprises which represent the basis of the economic fabric of all societies. The UNION shall develop strategies to support the growth of this vital global economic sector and identify annual activities to facilitate relations with national associations and to create opportunities for integration between the representatives of different Countries and geographic areas.
Blogging for an international audience
Trying to appeal to an international audience or already have international readers of your blog? Then this is a topic worth visiting to learn how you can ensure that your blog appeals to your readers from the UK and other international destinations.

Arguments for Free Trade
In theory, international trade increases world efficiency by specialization in production and exchange according to comparative advantage, given certain assumptions. In other words, a country that engages in international trade enjoys the benefits in terms of both immediate improvements in standards of living and economic growth.
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