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Ten Questions with Jeffrey Pfeffer
Jeffrey Pfeffer is the Thomas D. Dee II Professor of Organizational Behavior at the Graduate School of Business, Stanford University. He is the author or co-author of twelve books.Dr. Pfeffer received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from Carnegie-Mellon University and his Ph.D. from Stanford.

Resource Dependence Theory In Management
In the early 1970s researchers began to question whether managers were able to accurately perceive the threats and opportunities actually present in the external environment. Scholars soon began to search for a more objective method of operationalizing the environmental uncertainty construct. Attempting to solve this dilemma, researchers in the 1970s began to explore resource dependency as a more objective measure of the uncertainty that organizations faced when dealing with their environment.

Organizational Environmental Uncertainties
From the genesis of management studies it has been recognized that organizations do not operate in a vacuum. In the seminal work, The Functions of the Executive, Chester Barnard (1938) theorized that an organization’s survival was dependent on its ability to sustain a balance with its external environment by readjusting its internal processes to match the various elements in the environment (Barnard, 1938, p. 6). In recognition of Barnard’s observation that firms must maintain equilibrium in an ever-changing environment, a considerable body of literature has developed that is devoted to conceptualizing and comprehending the external environment and its role in management theory.

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Ten Questions with Jeffrey Pfeffer
Jeffrey Pfeffer is the Thomas D. Dee II Professor of Organizational Behavior at the Graduate School of Business, Stanford University. He is the author or co-author of twelve books.Dr. Pfeffer received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from Carnegie-Mellon University and his Ph.D. from Stanford.

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