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What Drives China’s Growing Role in Africa?
China’s fast-growing economic ties with Africa are attracting considerable attention. The relationship came into the spotlight during the summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing in November 2006 and the Annual Meetings of the African Development Bank (AfDB) in Shanghai in May 2007. While the expansion of trade and investment between Africa and China has been generally welcomed, concerns have been expressed about how China’s growing presence might affect African development.2 But what roles exactly has China played?

V. INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY REQUIREMENTS FOR E-COMMERCE DEVELOPMENT
Even assuming the physical infrastructure bottlenecks to Internet expansion are overcome and access prices become more affordable in developing countries, a number of other significant policy challenges must be met if governments are to create an environment conducive to e-commerce.

Other policy challenges Related Articles

“TOP TEN TIPS TO EFFECTIVELY WORK WITH POLICY MAKERS”
We are sometimes called on to work with policy makers in a variety of organizations we are associated with in our personal, business and volunteer lives. Working with these policy makers can be very rewarding and can be very frustrating. Since 1970 I have been working with policy makers at all levels of government, non-profits, businesses, institutions and other organizations. And from the experience of those years, I developed a list of the top 10 tips to effectively work with policy makers. I have summarized those tips below:

5.1 The SME Development Policy (SMEDP): Support for Growth-oriented Women Entrepreneurs in Tanzania, 2005
It should be noted that the latest round of SME development policies are very recent. The MIT released its national SME Development Policy in 2003, a process it has been working on since 1998. The SME Development Policy was approved by Parliament on 11 February 2003 and officially launched on 27 August 2003. The overall objective of the policy is “to foster job creation and income generation through promoting the creation of new SMEs and improving the performance and competitiveness of the existing ones to increase their participation and contribution to the Tanzanian economy” (MIT, 2003). The implementation plan for the SME Development Policy includes a list of priority programmes and projects,24 categorized under seven major objectives:

9.3 Micro-finance institutions (MFIs): Support for Growth-oriented Women Entrepreneurs in Tanzania, 2005
Micro-finance operators in Tanzania function within the framework of the Government’s National Micro Finance Policy of 2000. The objectives of this policy are to provide the basis for the evolution of an efficient and effective micro-finance system to serve the low segment of society and contribute to economic growth and poverty reduction (as described in MIT, 2002). The policy establishes a framework within which micro-finance operators will develop, lays out the principles to guide operations of the system, defines roles and responsibilities of actors, and provides guidelines for coordinating mechanisms. The Central Bank was given the mandate to coordinate implementation of the policy. It is interesting to note that the Micro Finance Policy includes “gender equity” as a best practice.

5.1 Determinants of diversification in Africa: Economic Report on Africa 2007
Diversification and policy variables constitute a two-way process in that diversification not only influences policy outcomes, but is itself influenced by policy variables. This proposition naturally leads to the search for those economic and non-economic policy actions that are likely to affect the level and rate of diversification in a country. What evidence is there that links economic and non-economic variables with national capacity to diversify?

V. INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY REQUIREMENTS FOR E-COMMERCE DEVELOPMENT
Even assuming the physical infrastructure bottlenecks to Internet expansion are overcome and access prices become more affordable in developing countries, a number of other significant policy challenges must be met if governments are to create an environment conducive to e-commerce.

Moving Forward: Developing Countries
There are many economic, social, and environmental challenges along the path to sustainable development, and there is no panacea to address them all. Rather, accelerated development will require progress in multiple policy areas, with the right policy mix and focus varying from country to country. Countries may also need to make difficult choices regarding trade-offs between competing policy objectives. Achieving more sustainable development will thus require a concerted effort from developing countries, the international community, and the international financial institutions.

Monetary Police is Science, Everything Else is Stamp-Collecting
This new Eric Leeper paper seems delusional in arguing that monetary policy is science, while fiscal policy is stamp-collecting, but I maybe I'm just being crotchety. The piece also comes up with the new-to-me argument that monetary policy would be even better science if it weren't for fiscal policy mucking things up.

The Fundamentals of a Successful Corporate Social Media Policy
Whether your corporate culture embraces social media or not, it is crucial to implement a social media policy in the workplace. Any business that does not have a solid policy in place exposes themselves to significant risks. Learn about the key elements of an effective workplace social media policy.

Simple Strategies to Defeat Any Challenge
Challenges are a normal part of life. Many people look at challenges and loathe them, but challenges help move us forward. We would stand still without challenges, would never improve ourselves, and would always be the same people we are right now. This knowledge may make challenges somewhat easier to deal with and may even enable you to defeat challenges or obstacles that are standing in your way. So ask yourself: Am I where I want to be in life? If you're not happy, then it's time to take charge...

Insurance Defense Costs
Does Your Business Insurance Policy Cover Defense Costs Within the Insurance Limit or Defense Costs Outside of the Insurance Limit? Did you know that a liability policy, which is part of any typical business insurance policy or commercial insurance policy coverage, has two distinct obligations? A liability insurance policy, if it is a general liability, product liability or professional liability insurance policy is designed to protect you against your legal obligation to pay others because you have hurt them and/or have damaged their property. A policy also defends you against claims or lawsuits. In other words, besides paying for claims or suits, a liability policy also pays for their related legal costs and court fees.

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