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Export Promotion Strategies for Manufactured Goods: New Approaches to Trade Development in Africa
It is well known that the gains from export of processed and manufactured goods are greater than those from exporting primary commodities largely because of the higher value added. Therefore most developing countries aim at supplementing the exportation of primary products with the export of manufactures, and eventually, like the Asian Tigers, concentrating on processed and manufactured exports.
Export Promotion Strategies for Primary Products: New Approaches to Trade Development in Africa
Many believe that agricultural exports can be made to once again contribute substantially to export earnings.
Export Promotion Policies in African Countries: New Approaches to Trade Development in Africa
Export promotion is a wide-ranging policy initiative that has many components and dimensions.
Export Subsidies by Developed Countries: Barriers to African External Trade
While advocates of liberalization in the economies of the developing countries have called for reduction in subsidies, the high levels of subsidies in developed countries have increased significantly especially in the OECD countries.
Export competition and export subsidies: Provisions of Agreement on Agriculture
Domestic support and export subsidy policies have been employed largely by developed economies to protect their agricultural sectors.
Domestic farm support programs in developed countries: Provisions of Agreement on Agriculture
A basic source of distortion in the world market for agricultural commodities and primary products has been the differential level of domestic support that developed and developing countries can give to the production of these commodities. This has tended to reduce the price competitiveness of developing countries.
Market access: Provisions of Agreement on Agriculture
An often-mentioned problem of developing countries’ agricultural export has been the lack of access to developed countries' markets, due to the institution of a myriad of import controls and other restrictions. This has largely undermined the growth prospects of developing countries whose development strategy relied on agricultural exports.
Provisions of Agreement on Agriculture
The long-term objective of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture is to establish a fair and market-oriented agriculture trading system. It is also aimed at initiating a reform process through the negotiation of commitments on support and protection and through the establishment of strengthened and more operationally effective GATT rules and disciplines.
Implications of the New Agreement for Africa’s Export Trade
Note that contracting parties of GATT 1947 wishing to become original members of the World Trade Organization are required to accept all 12 MTAs on goods incorporated into the Agreement, without exceptions or reservations.
Benefits of Regional Economic Integration
Regional economic communities are formed because of the expected benefits from them. An important feature of the higher levels of integration is free trade among members.
Forms of Regional Integration
We may identify five main types or forms of regional integration, classifying them by a rising degree of intensity.

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Ladybrille Exclusive:Interview with Storm Records' Music Mogul, Obi Asika
This is Part I of my indepth interview with Obi Asika, Executive Chairman of Storm Media and Entertainment Group; one of the biggest players in music and entertainment in Nigeria--think SonyBMG Music Entertainment Group although not quite the same reach, for now. In Part I, I ask and Obi candidly responds to questions on his background, managing artists, substandard music videos and the lack of sophisticated African fashions in Nigeria/Africa's music videos. In Part 2, Obi & I discuss the music business in Nigeria & Africa, entrepreneuralship, piracy, artists abuse, technology/new media, Nollywood and international expansion and collaborations.

Preciss Speaks-Champion a Nation Through Outsource!
Some of you may recall that last year on the Benin Epilogue, we featured a piece on the entrepreneur behind a Business Process Outsource (BPO) company from Kenya called Preciss Patrol. Actually, it was one of my favorite posts because it encapsulated so many important facets of entrepreneurship-all in one story.
Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Approves Conversion of Community Bank into Microfinance Institution (MFI)
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has approved the conversion of the Olabisi Onabanjo University Community Bank Limited into a microfinance bank. The community bank has operated on the campus of Olabisi Onabanjo University in Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria since March of 2003, and the majority of its shareholders are affiliated with the university. One source reports that, in its first year in business, the bank made a surplus that was “far in excess of its total paid up capital,” but no other sources were found to corroborate this information and no further information was found on the OOU Community Bank.
Federal Executive Council (FEC) of Nigeria Approves $27.2m Loan from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) for Rural Microfinance
The Federal Executive Council (FEC) of Nigeria, presided over by President Umaru Musa Yar’Adua, approved a USD 27.2 million loan from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), as reported by AllAfrica.com. The loan, along with a USD 400,000 grant from IFAD, will constitute the core financing of IFAD’s Rural Finance Institution-Building Programme (RFIBP), a seven-year plan to strengthen rural microfinance institutions (MFIs) in Nigeria as well as establish increased linkages between MFIs and mainstream financial institutions.

Mary Onyali, 20 Years and Still Running Strong
Mary Onyali aka the “African Sprint Queen" is a woman you should get to know. Over two decades ago, when the social norm for a female in Nigeria was everything but being an athlete, Onyali went against the norm getting involved in the sport of track and field and continuing on to compete for Nigeria and Africa, on a national and international level. Since her entrance into the world of track and field, Onyali has opened the door for many women as well as amassed numerous medals along the way: Commonwealth Games medals, three World Cup medals, four African Games gold medals and two Olympic bronze medals, are just a few of her achievements. Onyali now embraces a new and frankly speaking daunting task, manufacturing and distributing the first ever sports apparel wear in Nigeria.
The Magic of Marketing
A research team from Durham University and the University of British Columbia is investigating magic tricks to further understand how people's minds work. The key magician's techniques that the team investigated were misdirection and illusion.
Bola Atta, Editor-in-Chief True Love West Africa, Personality of the Month!
Fashion icon and Editor-in-Chief for Vogue, Anna Wintour, is one personality that helped raise the profile of fashion/lifestyle magazines from mediocre to excellent. In Nigeria, Bola Atta, Editor-in-Chief for TRUE LOVE West Africa Magazine a subsidiary of South Africa's Media24 Publications, has had the same effect. Atta through her management of TRUE LOVE West Africa has succeeded in raising the bar of fashion and lifestyle magazines in Nigeria from mediocre to superior quality, commanding millions of loyal readers. Her hard work, brilliant creative vision and managerial skills earns her Ladybrille®Nigeria Personality of the Month for August. Read on as we delve into media/publishing in Nigeria and of course reveal a lot more in our exclusive about the seemingly mysterious brilliant Ms. Atta!

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I would like to share with you today one of the most powerful traffic generation methods that had helped me tremendously when I first started. It was back then in 2005-2006, when I was just a normal student who was going to enter the university. At that time, I joined the writer's club in the university hopefully to gain some experience in writing. We wrote and published a tiny entertainment magazine for our fellow peers and undergraduates in the whole university.
Sanity Survival-PATIENCE, NOW!!!!!!
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